Irlanti
Ensimmäiset asukkaat saapuivat Irlantiin 6 000 vuotta eaa. Noin 4 000 vuotta myöhemmin Etelä-Euroopasta tuli heimoja, jotka rakensivat suuria neoliittisia kivimonumentteja ja taidokkaita kultakoristeita. Pronssikautiset ihmiset, joita saapui seuraavan tuhannen vuoden aikana, tekivät taidokkaita kulta- ja pronssiesineitä ja aseita. Kelttiläiset heimot saapuivat Irlantiin vuosien 600–150 eaa. aikana. Perimätiedon mukaan
Pyhä Patrick saapui 432 jaa. ja käännytti irlantilaiset kristinuskoon. Viikingit alkoivat tunkeutua alueelle 800-luvulla jaa. Viikinkien kasvavan vaikutusvallan loppuna on usein pidetty Clontarfin taistelua vuonna 1014, jossa sai toisaalta surmansa myös Irlannin
ylikuningas Brian Boru
(Irlannin historia:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlannin_historia)
Pyhän Patrickin patsas Irlannissa.
Brian Boru (941 – 23. huhtikuuta 1014)
oli Irlannin ylikuningas (Ard-Rí) vuosina 1002–1014.
Irlannin kuningaskunta (iiriksi Ríoghacht Éireann) oli Irlannin saarella vuosina 1541–1800 sijainnut valtio, joka oli personaaliunionissa Englannin kanssa. Irlannin kuningaskunnan valtaistuinta pitivät hallussaan Englannin kuninkaat. Irlannin kuningaskunnan ensimmäinen hallitsija oli Englannin Henrik VIII, joka vuonna 1541 otti aiemman Irlannin lordin tittelin tilalle tittelin Irlannin kuningas. Irlannin kuningaskunnassa valtaa pitivät sijaishallitsijat (alkuun Lord Deputy, myöhemmin Lord Lieutenant), joista valtaosa oli englantilaisia aatelismiehiä. Irlannin kuningaskunta päättyi vuonna 1800 Ison-Britannian kuningaskunnan kanssa tehtyyn unionilakiin, jonka seurauksena 1. tammikuuta 1801 muodostettiin Ison-Britannian ja Irlannin yhdistynyt kuningaskunta
Irlannin hallitsijat
(
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchy_of_Ireland)
High Kings of Ireland, 846–1198
Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid, 846–860
Áed Findliath, 861–876
Flann Sinna, 877–914
Niall Glúndub, 915–917
Donnchad Donn, 918–942
Congalach Cnogba, 943–954
Domnall ua Néill, 955–978
Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill, 979–1002 and 1014–1022
Brian Boru, 1002–1014
Donnchad mac Briain, died 1064
Diarmait mac Máel na mBó, died 1072
Toirdelbach Ua Briain, died 1086
Muirchertach Ua Briain, died 1119
Domnall Ua Lochlainn, died 1121
Toirdelbach Ua Conchobair, c.1119-1156
Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, c.1156-1166
Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, 1166-1198
Lords of Ireland, 1177–1542
John (1177–1216)
First man to be made Lord of Ireland and established the precedent that that Lord would also be King of England.
Henry III (1216–1272)
Henry III granted Ireland to his son, Edward I, in 1254 on condition that it would never be separated from the Crown.
Brian Ua Néill claimed the title of High King of Ireland from 1258 to 1260, until his defeat and death in the Battle of Druim Dearg (also known as the Battle of Down).
Edward I (1272–1307)
Edward II (1307–1327)
Edward Bruce, Earl of Carrick and brother of Robert Bruce, King of Scotland, declared himself High King of Ireland during a failed rebellion of 1315–1318, which formed part of the larger war between England and Scotland.
Edward III (1327–1377)
Richard II (1377–1399)
Robert de Vere was created Duke of Ireland in 1386, but forfeited his titles in 1388.
Henry IV (1399–1413)
Henry V (1413–1422)
Henry VI (1422–1461)
Edward IV (1461–1470)
Henry VI (1470–1471)
Edward IV (1471–1483)
Edward V (1483)
Richard III (1483–1485)
Henry VII (1485–1509)
- Lambert Simnel claimed to be Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick, and was crowned "King Edward VI" in Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin on 24 May 1487. His claim ended with the Battle of Stoke Field, 16 June 1487.
- Perkin Warbeck claimed to be Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York ("Richard IV") and gained some Irish support before a failed invasion of England in 1495.
Henry VIII (1509–1542)
The title of Lord of Ireland was abolished by Henry VIII, who was made King of Ireland by the Parliament of Ireland by the Crown of Ireland Act 1542.
List of monarchs of Ireland (British monarchs)
Henry VIII (1542–1547); Lord of Ireland 1509–1542; made king by the Crown of Ireland Act 1542
Edward VI (1547–1553)
Lady Jane Grey (1553; disputed)
Mary I (1553–1558)
Philip (of Spain) (1554–1558) jure uxoris; the Spanish King (Mary's husband)'s title as King of Ireland was reinforced by the Treason Act 1554
Elizabeth I (1558–1603)
James I (1603–1625)
Charles I (1625–1649)
- The Wars of the Three Kingdoms (incorporating the Irish Rebellion of 1641, Confederate Ireland, the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland and the Irish Confederate Wars) took place between 1639 and 1651. Charles I was executed in 1649 and his son Charles II was recognised by some Irish lords as King of Ireland. The Interregnum began with England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales ruled by the Council of State, then the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell (1649–1658) and his son Richard Cromwell (1658–1659). The Restoration in Ireland was effected in 1660 without major opposition, Charles II being declared king on 14 May 1660 by the Irish Convention.
Charles II (1660–1685)
James II (1685–1689)
William III (1689–1702) and Mary II (1689–1694)
Anne (1702–1714
George I (1714–1727)
George II (1727–1760)
George III (1760–1800)
George III (1801–1820)
George IV (1820–1830)
William IV (1830–1837)
Victoria (1837–1901)
Edward VII (1901–1910)
George V (1910–1922)
Monarchs of the Irish Free State and Ireland
George V (1922–1936)
Edward VIII (1936)
Arguably George VI (1936–1949), whose status was diminished (see Head of state of Ireland (1936 to 1949)).
George VI
Formal photograph, c. 1940–1946
Following the Ireland Act 1949, only that part of Ireland known as Northern Ireland remained part of a monarchy.
List of castles in Ireland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_c ... in_Ireland
Dublinin linna juontaa juurensa 17- ja 18th-vuosisatoihin.
Se on aikaisemmin ollut kotina kuningas Johnille, Irlannin ensimmäiselle lordille.
